Friday, March 18, 2005

Purgatory: Canto 30 -- Beatrice

For those of you who guessed and failed at the origin of the smoke on the third cornice, it was rising out of a flue attached to an oven within a crematorium inside of which was the body of my father, Phillip, who died on May 10, 2004. The body was burned, at his request, on the 13th of the month, exactly five months before his grandson, Alexander, was born, and his ashes were distributed (rather than scattered) in seven urns, one of which sits in the home of each of his children, whom he used to sing to sleep every night with his favorite songs -- Terry Jacks' Seasons in the Sun and Willie Nelson's Red Headed Stranger. Odd though they were as bedtime songs, since both of them deal with loss through death, they are meaningful to my memory of he who was my light and reason in everything I knew and loved. I know how Dante feels to have lost Virgil and, though grace accompany him, to realize that every step taken thenceforth is one further away from the ground on which stood his revered father. Time is about to lose meaning for us, for there is none, really, in heaven, and though we know that the steps we take towards it are actually steps into the past of our ancestors (after all, a place with no time means we all arrive there at once -- all those who came before and who will come after), there's still a measure of distance during which we must realize we are on our own. Perhaps I'll look upon this some millennia hence and finding my father at my side point out the lone footprints in the sand only to have him add, like our Father in heaven, that "at that point, I began carrying you."



What we discover of this triumphant parade is that its purpose is to provide a chariot for Beatrice, who steps out from it as the Bride from Lebanon, the homeland of my fathers, and in fulfillment of Dante's vision of her in his La Vita Nuova, where he writes in Canto 39, "Alas! By the full force of countless sighs born of the thoughts that overflow my heart, the eyes are vanquished, and they do not dare to return the glance of anyone who sees them." At the very instant that Dante recognizes Beatrice, he turns to Virgil for support and finds that Virgil is no longer with him. To have achieved the goal of his journey and have lost the companion of it all in the same instant is too much for Dante to bear. He weeps and is instantly reproved by Beatrice for doing so. She asks, "How dared you make your way to this high mountain?" and not even the angels who intercede on his behalf in their singing, "In you, Lord, I have hope!" can calm her wrath, for she tells them to mind their own business until Dante "may understand/ and feel a grief to match his guilt" (107-8). It's not just his grief that she's after, but she's also after his wasted talent (the very thing for which he has had so much pride -- she practically says here that he hasn't used it enough to have such pride in it). Dante had apparently not loved her enough in the way that he should have, having allowed himself to be tempted by that woman with the compassionate eyes and having even flirted with the idea of . . . letting go her memory! And here we find her reasons for sending Virgil to him -- a Virgil for whom she no longer cares now that he's delivered Dante to her -- as she continues, "He fell so far from every hope of bliss/ that every means of saving him had failed/ except to let him see the damned" (136-8). Furthermore, until Dante castrates himself (I mean, prostrates himself) in true penitence brought by the full understanding of his remissions, it would destroy heaven for him to enter so unprepared! With her 42 line tirade, you'd think that Dante was St. Cyril being accused of denying the divinity of Christ. How's that for a welcome for a man who's been through hell for a woman?

S.

12 Comments:

Blogger Fr. Earl Meyer said...

Beatrice's berating of Virgil and Dante is not a very gracious welcome to the portal of Paradise. Here she hardly seems like the beloved that Dante held in his dreams. Some welcome from his beloved! She is unsympathetic of his loss of his faithful companion Virgil and harsh in exposing the faults and failings of Dante. "Lilies that fester smell far worse than weeds!" Tough love? or "Hell knows no wrath like a woman scorned."

Commentator Dorothy Sayers calls this Canto "the great focal point of the poem," presumably because of the transition from Virgil to Beatrice, from human reason to divine love.

We can hope that a more gracious Beatrice will emerge in the coming Cantos.

8:10 AM  
Blogger Romani Sum said...

Reason leaves us, and Dante when we reach Beatrice. This is very appropriate, and I think it draws a great parallel with to our life in general. If you've ever been in love, or infatuated with someone, it seems that reason can leave you right when you least expect it. Although our reaction is usually different from Dante's, we hardly notice the loss of reason or common sense when we become infatuated with that which we so desired and longed for.

2:01 PM  
Blogger kschroeder said...

I was quite moved by the tribute to our friend Virgil and I am sad to see him leave. There is always something reassuring about the voice of reason being around but I suppose that is not needed here; rather now the guide will be grace and love.
Beatrice seems like quite a live wire but I suppose there is no turning back now for Dante. The comment about heaven being destroyed by the prescence of a sinner or one who is impure is interesting. It kind of reminds me of the "War of the Worlds" where the whole world of aliens is destroyed by a few germs. I guess it is not a perfect parallel but it certainly comes to mind.
Finally, I like the point about the wasted talent and the excessive pride. This is something God takes very seriously as the Gospel tells us in the parable of the talents. How hard it would be to give God fitting praise in eternity if we have squandered the gifts He gives to glorify Him here on earth!!

9:38 PM  
Blogger Sebastian Mahfood said...

Fr. Earl, as a symbol of divine love, Beatrice is like that fire the Orthodox believe all souls feel. To the righteous, it is warmth and love; to the wicked, it is painful burning. Dante still has one sin on his conscience -- that of having strayed from Divine Love in his pursuit of the ephemeral. It's why he was so sympathetic to Paulo and Francesca and swooned when he saw their guardian, Charon, and when he heard their story. I imagine it's one of those, "But for the grace of God, there go I" sort of things.

S.

5:57 AM  
Blogger Sebastian Mahfood said...

Exactly, kschroeder, and if you listen to Beatrice, Dante has an excessive talent that he is squandering when he writes on lesser things than that of divine love. If you read into the text, though, Beatrice's upbraiding is actually quite a bit of self-praise Dante's inserting into the text -- after all, he is the greatest poet, right, so he should be pursuing the greatest themes. There's a kind of righteous pride that's important for all of us to have -- Dante, as we've seen, is afraid that he often slips into hubris, and as he told Sapia on the second cornice, he fears most the time he'll have to spend on that first ledge where he overstayed Virgil's patience in his conversation with Od'risi, another soul who was guilty of the same hubris of talent.

S.

6:01 AM  
Blogger Sebastian Mahfood said...

In this case, though, Romani Sum, reason leaves Dante when he no longer needs it, and I've been in many a relationship where reason could have stayed because I needed it even more after being smitten by one of those ephemeral desires of the heart. I once wrote a 600-page book about a girl named Tanya and set it in 18th Century France. I began it when I started college in the fall of 1990 and sent it to her 2 weeks before her wedding in the spring of 1992. Imagine, the Age of Reason meets the folly of youth.

S.

6:05 AM  
Blogger bheck said...

Although reason is no longer necessary, as divine love is taking its place, Dante has had reason by his side for so long and it has brought him through so much that it is easy to see why he had trouble letting go, even in the face of such beauty as divine love. Despite this, I think I'd worry about what he really has learned if Beatrice is standing right there in front of him and all Dante can do is cry and mourn. She did give him a harsh welcome to the earthly paradise, but then again, he didn't give her a very appropriate or gracious greeting by mourning the loss of Virgil.
-B. Hecktor

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